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BACKGROUND: Hip arthroplasty has become mature, but infection after arthroplasty is a serious complication. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes of infection after hip arthroplasty,thus providing reference for improving the diagnosis and treatment of postoperative infection. METHODS: A computer-based online search of CNKI, WanFang, PubMed and Medline databases from 2006 to 2016 was conducted using the keywords of "hip arthroplasty, infection" in English and Chinese, respectively. Clinical data of 20 patients with infection after hip arthroplasty in three hospitals from January 2006 to January 2016 were analyzed retrospectively. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Two-stage revision is considered to be the main method for treating infection after hip arthroplasty. The duration of antibiotic therapy remains controversial. The increased bacterial resistance is difficult, especially the widespread use of vancomycin after hip arthroplasty.(2)Staphylococcus aureus is the highest proportion of strains detected,up to 30%,followed by 25% for staphylococcus epidermidis,20% for coagulase-negative staphylococcal and 75% for staphylococcus in the three hospitals.Gram-negative bacteria mainly contain pseudomonas aeruginosa,enterobacter cloacae and hemolytic streptococcus.(3)To conclude,antibiotics should be timely adjusted according to antibiotic susceptibility results after hip arthroplasty.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To introduce the imaging characteristics of moyamoya disease (MMD) using high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging (HR-MRI) and to discuss the role of HR-MRI in differentiating MMD from other intracranial artery diseases, especially intracranial atherosclerotic disease (ICAD).</p><p><b>DATA SOURCES</b>This review was based on the data in articles published between 2005 and 2015, which were obtained from PubMed. The keywords included HR-MRI, MMD, ICAD, and intracranial artery diseases.</p><p><b>STUDY SELECTION</b>Articles related to HR-MRI for MMD or other intracranial artery diseases were selected for review.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>There are differences between the characteristic patterns of HR-MRI in MMD and ICAD. MMD is associated with inward remodeling, smaller outer diameters, concentric occlusive lesions and homogeneous signal intensity, while ICAD is more likely to be associated with outward remodeling, normal outer diameters, eccentric occlusive lesions, and heterogeneous signal intensity. Other intracranial artery diseases, such as dissection and vasculitis, also have distinctive characteristics in HR-MRI. HR-MRI may become a useful tool for the differential diagnosis of MMD in the future.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>HR-MRI of MMD provides a more in-depth understanding of MMD, and it is helpful in evaluating pathological changes in the vessel wall and in differentiating MMD from other intracranial artery steno-occlusive diseases, particularly ICAD.</p>
Subject(s)
Animals , Humans , Diagnosis, Differential , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Methods , Middle Cerebral Artery , Pathology , Moyamoya Disease , DiagnosisABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the value of detection of hepatitis C virus core antigen (HCV-cAg) for screening blood donor by using the internal reagent enzyme immunoassay (EIA) and anti-HCV antibody.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The first and repeat assays were performed for detection of serum anti-HCV and HCV-cAg ELISA in 3972 donor's serum specimens from August to October of 2004. Twenty-five donors positive for anti-HCV were tested with HCV-cAg EIA kits and the results were compared with the results of HCV RNA determination with RT-PCR method.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>In 3972 donor's serum samples, only 1 serum specimen was positive for HCV RNA identification among 10 specimens which were positive for anti-HCV in first assays, and only 1 serum specimens was positive for HCV RNA identification among 12 specimens positive for anti-HCV in repeat assays, only 2 serum specimens were positive HCV RNA identification in 3 specimens which were positive for HCV-cAg assays.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The sensitivity of HCV-cAg ELISA is similar to HCV RT-PCR, but it is much cheaper. Therefore, HCV-cAg ELISA and anti-HCV may be used together to screen blood donor.</p>